金吾财讯 | 中信证券表示,AIDC是科技属性的重资产租赁服务,前期Capex投入主要包括土地、机房投入,以及电力及温控设备购置,运营成本主要是折旧和电费。AIDC前期建设通常需要1-3年,客户上架通常需要6-18个月,一般上架率达到50%即可实现盈亏平衡,头部厂商的IDC在超90%上架率的情况下,该行测算能实现超50%毛利率和超30%的净利率。2024年以来,行业基本面大幅改善。一方面,国内优质AI模型雨后春笋般涌现、国内云巨头Capex显著增长,开启国内算力基建新纪元。另一方面,数据中心模式由IDC向AIDC演进,高功率+园区级成为行业发展主流,龙头AIDC加速跑马圈地,不断斩获超大订单,并推动上架率和租金齐升。在行业需求急速上升背景下,AIDC景气度高速上行,看好国内AI基建的持续性,AIDC有望重点受益。2025年以来,国内AI大模型通过算法与工程化创新加速技术跃迁,低成本的DeepSeek -R1推理能力比肩OpenAI o1;阿里巴巴发布千亿级MoE架构模型Qwen2.5-Max;豆包依托字节跳动的生态优势提升模型能力;腾讯混元大模型已深度集成于微信等业务场景。AI模型进步+AI需求爆发,推动国内云巨头Capex全面提升。AIDC是AI算力核心底座。当前,环一线城市AIDC稀缺性凸显,具备大量优质资源储备的龙头料将迎来需求爆发式增长。
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