日本出生人口数量再创新低,突显出日益严峻的挑战:如何在纳税劳动人口持续减少的情况下,承担社会老龄化不断上涨的社会保障成本。
根据厚生劳动省周四发布的初步人口数据,2024年的新生儿数量较前一年下降5%,至720,988人,延续了九年连续下降的趋势。该数据创下自1899年有记录以来的最低水平。
报告显示,同期死亡人数增加1.8%至162万的纪录高位,导致总人口出现有史以来最大的年度降幅。
对这个已肩负着发达国家中最重债务的政府来说,出生人口持续下降加剧了紧迫性。根据国际货币基金组织(IMF)的一份报告,今年日本公共债务将达到国内生产总值(GDP)的232.7%。
这顺应了全球大趋势。韩国生育率去年虽小幅上升,为九年来首次,但0.75这个数字仍远低于维持人口所需的水平。法国2023年出生人口加速下降,幅度达到半个世纪以来最大。
责任编辑:王许宁
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