Tesla’s 2025 EU emissions pool is now official, with Honda and Suzuki this month joining Stellantis, Ford, Toyota, Mazda and Subaru in buying credits from the U.S. EV maker.

Documents published by the European Commission in mid-March showed that the EU has approved the pooling arrangement. The other approved pool is managed by Mercedes-Benz, and includes several Geely brands: Volvo, which is expected to be well below its CO2 targets; Polestar, which only sells EVs; and Smart, a 50/50 joint venture of Mercedes and Geely that also sells only electric cars in Europe.

Suzuki had pooled with Volvo on its 2024 emissions.

The EU’s 2025 CO2 emissions targets are about 15 percent lower than the 2021 levels, and experts say automakers will have to sell at least 20 percent full-electric vehicles, although the market share of EVs in 2024 was about 14 percent. Missing the target results in a fine of €95 ($98) per gram of CO2 over the limit per vehicle.

Automakers were given a lifeline early this month when the European Commission proposed allowing a three-year window to meet the 2025 targets.

The two main “open” emissions pools, Tesla’s and Mercedes’, were set up ahead of that decision. Industry experts have estimated that the sale of one full-electric car can offset the emissions of three to four gasoline- or diesel-powered vehicles, hence the logic behind pooling.

EV makers such as Tesla can reap billions from joining with automakers struggling to sell EVs.

Although they will almost certainly (pending full EU approval) now have three years to meet the 2025 CO2 targets, automakers have said they will honor the pooling contracts, with Toyota executives saying that the arrangement with Tesla could give it added flexibility over the next three years.

A major concern could be falling sales at Tesla, amid a backlash against CEO Elon Musk’s political activities, increased competition and the transition to an updated version of the Model Y, Tesla’s bestselling model in Europe. Sales are down 44 percent in Europe through February, including the U.K. and EFTA countries, according to figures from Dataforce.

If Tesla’s sales drop too much, they may not be able to offset higher fleet emissions at its pool partners. That could reduce the amount of money Tesla could receive.

Pooling contracts are typically not made public.