BlockBeats News, March 29th, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin today published a long article titled "A simple L2 security and finalization roadmap," outlining three core directions for optimizing Ethereum L2 security and finality:

Scaling data capacity: Through the Pectra upgrade, the Blob space will be increased to 6 in the near term and expanded to 72 in the Fusaka upgrade at the end of the year (or incrementally to 12-24), meeting the L2 transaction throughput requirements;

Implementing a hybrid proof system for fast finality: Adopting a 2/3 multisig mechanism (optimistic proof + ZK proof + TEE trusted hardware proof), immediate finality if both ZK and TEE validate simultaneously, a 7-day optimistic challenge period if only one validates, the security council can emergency upgrade proof logic but subject to a 30-day delay limit, balancing instant finality and attack resistance;

Building a unified ZK proof aggregation layer: Standardizing ecosystem-wide proof aggregation protocols, allowing multiple applications to share the one-time proof cost (e.g., 500k Gas), significantly reducing ZK verification overhead, promoting L2, privacy protocols, and other scenarios;

The goal of this roadmap is to achieve L2 cross-chain bridging with short-term hybrid verification, finality within 1 hour, and cost reduction, while gradually phasing out TEE reliance towards the long-term full ZK vision, ultimately establishing an efficient, secure, and trustless L2 ecosystem.